Infinitives and Gerunds

You will study Infinitives and Gerunds.

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Infinitives and Gerunds

The Flag of Tanzania

Instructions: Read the text. Look at the underlined words.

Flag of Tanzania. Public Domain.

The flag of Tanzania consists of a yellow-edged black diagonal band, divided diagonally from the lower hoist-side corner, with a green upper triangle. Adopted in 1964 to replace the individual flags of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, it has been the flag of the United Republic of Tanzania since the two states merged that year. The design of the present flag incorporates the elements from the two former flags.

The United Kingdom occupied the majority of German East Africa in 1916 during the East African Campaign. Three years later, the British were tasked with administering the Tanganyika Territory as a Legue of Nations mandate. In 1954, the Tanganyika African Association became the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). The aim of the political party was to attain Independence for the territory, its flag was a tricolour consisting of three horizontal green, back and yellow bands.

The flag of Tanzania. Retrieved and adapted July 2017 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Tanzania

Getting started: Tanzania

Instructions: Read the text to do the activity suggested.

Tanzania is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. Tanzania’s population of 51.82 million is diverse, composed of several ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic, and since 1996, its official capital has been Dodoma. European colonialism began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa, which gave way to British rule following World War I.

Wikipedia. (2016). Tanzania. Retrieved February, 2016 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania

A poor country

Instructions: Complete the sentences with information from the previous text.

is diverse.in East Africa.a presidential constitutional republic.has been Dodoma.one of the poorest countries in the world.

1. Tanzania is a country ___________

2. It is ___________

3. Its population ___________

4. It is ___________

5. Since 1996, its official capital___________

Let’s check out Infinitives and Gerunds.

Instructions: Read about Infinitives and Gerunds.

  • We use the infinitive (verb + to):
    1. After adjectives
    2. To express a reason or purpose
    3. After some verbs: afford, agree, decide, expect, forget, help, hope, learn, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, try, want, would like, etc.
  • We use the gerund (verb + ing):
    1. After prepositions and phrasal verbs
    2. As the subject of a sentence
    3. After some verbs: admit, avoid, deny, dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, hate, keep, like, love, mind, miss, practice, prefer, recommend, spend, stop, suggest, etc.
  • Some verbs can take either the infinitive or gerund form: start, begin, continue, etc.

 

Quiz

Infinitive or gerund?

Instructions: Choose the appropriate form in the following sentences.

  1. I’m planning to travel / travelling to Tanzania soon.
  2. They want to fly / flying by a secure Tanzanian airline.
  3. I also would like to go / going with them.
  4. I would prefer going / to go by boat.
  5. They pretend to be / being there for about a month.
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Quiz

Dodoma

Instructions: Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the words in parenthesis.

Comparably much smaller and less developed than the country’s commercial centre, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma remains a centre for national politics. Dodoma has many places and items of interest (recommend) it to the (pass) visitor. It is the centre of Tanzania’s (grow) wine industry and the Tanganyika Vineyards Company is active in (promote) its products.

In recent times, the Dodoma's economic base has declined in favour of the coastal city, but in the early days of Tanzanian independence, there was a popular political motion (move) the entire government to the town in the southern highlands. These days, the government legislature meet in Dodoma, and divided their time between the inland city and Dar es Salaam on the coast.

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Evaluation

Languages in Tanzania

Instructions: Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the words in parenthesis.

Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania, making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa. The country does not have a de jure official language, although the national language is Swahili, which is used in parliamentary debate, in the lower courts, and as a medium of instruction in primary school. English is used in foreign trade, in diplomacy, in higher courts, and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education, although the Tanzanian government is (plan) (discontinue) English as a language of instruction altogether. Approximately 10 percent of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language, and up to 90 percent speak it as a second language.

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