David wanted to know which languages are spoken in Pakistan, but I didn’t know how to answer.

Well, Pakistan’s national language is Urdu, which, along with English, is also the official language. In 2015, the government of Pakistan announced plans to make Urdu the sole official language and abolish English as the second official language. The country is also home to several regional languages, including Punjabi, Saraiki, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, Kashmiri, Hindko, Brahui, Shina, Balti, Khowar, Dhatki, Marwari, Wakhi and Burushaski. Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, and Balochi are provincial languages.

More than sixty languages are spoken in Pakistan, including a number of provincial languages. Urdu is the lingua franca and a symbol of Muslim identity and national unity. It is the national language understood by over 75% of Pakistanis. It is the main medium of communication in the country but the primary language of only 8% of Pakistan’s population.

Look at the following sentences:

• Direct speech: "Where do you live?"
• Indirect speech: She asked me where I lived.

In Reported Speech questions, the tense changes are the same, and we keep the question word.

When we tell the question to someone else, it isn't a question any more.

The direct question in the present simple tense with “do” or “does” changes to a normal positive sentence.

We need to change the verb to the past simple.

Now, look at another example:

• Direct speech: "Where is Julie?"
• Reported speech: She asked me where Julie was.

The direct question is the present simple of 'be'.

We make the Reported speech question by changing the position of the subject and verb.

We put the verb into the past simple.

Look at some other examples: